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Asphalt
“Asphalt” is a dark brown to black, highly viscous, hydrocarbon produced from petroleum distillation residue. This distillation can occur naturally, resulting in asphalt lakes, or occur in a petroleum...
View ArticleHeat of Hydration
The heat of hydration is the heat generated when water and portland cement react. Heat of hydration is most influenced by the proportion of C3S and C3A in the cement, but is also influenced by...
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Aggregate
“Aggregate” is a collective term for the mineral materials such as sand, gravel and crushed stone that are used with a binding medium (such as water, bitumen, portland cement, lime, etc.) to form...
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Portland Cement
Portland cement is the chief ingredient in cement paste – the binding agent in portland cement concrete (PCC). It is a hydraulic cement that, when combined with water, hardens into a solid mass....
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Superpave Performance Grading
Penetration grading and viscosity grading are somewhat limited in their ability to fully characterize asphalt binder for use in HMA pavement. Therefore, as part of the Superpave research effort new...
View ArticleWorkability
Workability is a general term used to describe the basic rheological aspects of fresh PCC (e.g., PCC in a wet, plastic state). Workability is instrumental in the proper placement and compaction of...
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Gradation and Size
The particle size distribution, or gradation, of an aggregate is one of the most influential aggregate characteristics in determining how it will perform as a pavement material. In HMA, gradation helps...
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Asphalt Production and Oil Refining
Asphalt Asphalt is produced through the refining of petroleum. It is a viscous adhesive that, along with aggregate, forms HMA pavement surfaces. In this article we will follow the crude oil as it...
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Asphalt Modifiers
Some asphalt cements require modification in order to meet specifications. Asphalt cement modification has been practiced for over 50 years but has received added attention in the past decade or so....
View ArticleAsphalt Additives
Additives Asphalt additives are any of a number of substances that can be added to the asphalt binder to alter the characteristics of the final blend of HMA. Sasol Sasol production meets about 30% of...
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